Everything on this website is general information about surgical and endoscopic conditions and treatments. It is written for the public, and for people preparing for a consultation. It is not personal medical advice.
This site does not replace a consultation
Only a doctor who has examined you, taken your history and seen your test results can advise on your case. Symptoms that look similar can have very different causes, and the right treatment depends on your age, your other conditions, your medicines and your own preferences. Do not use anything on this website to diagnose yourself, or to start, stop or change a treatment.
If you have symptoms
Arrange an assessment and have them looked at properly. If a symptom worries you, that is reason enough to be seen.
In an emergency
This website is not monitored. If you have severe pain, heavy bleeding, black or bloody stools, vomiting blood, a high fever, difficulty breathing, confusion, or anything that feels like an emergency, go immediately to the nearest accident and emergency department, or call 999 in Malaysia. Do not wait for a reply through this website.
About the procedures described
Descriptions of operations, and the infographics on treatment pages, are simplified illustrations of what is generally involved. Every procedure has benefits and risks, and recovery differs from person to person. Your surgeon will explain the risks and the alternatives that apply to you, and will ask for your consent before any procedure.
Screening and investigations
Advice about screening — for example colonoscopy for colorectal cancer, or endoscopy for stomach symptoms — is general. Whether a test is right for you, when it should be done and how often, is an individual decision that depends on your symptoms, your family history and other risk factors, and should be made together with a doctor.
Second opinions
You are always free to seek a second opinion, and to ask us about anything you have read here.
External links
Links to other websites are provided for convenience. We do not control them and are not responsible for their content.